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An additive usually used in combination with MSG, disodium inosinate imparts a savory flavor to food. It’s often derived from meat or fish.

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A preservative used to inhibit bacterial growth – avocado ranch dressing is very rich and full of perishables.

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Used in this recipe as a flavoring and natural preservative, lactic acid is vital for many important biochemical processes in the human body. Yogurt, kefir, and cottage cheese all derive their sour flavor from it.

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Defined in the US as any flavoring naturally derived from a plant or animal source. If it’s under a certain amount, the manufacturer doesn’t have to list what it actually comes from or specifically does.

Coca-Cola is an example of a product that makes use of undisclosed “natural flavors”.

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Better known as Vitamin C, Ascorbic Acid is not added for health purposes because the vitamin requires bioflavinoids to work properly.

Ascorbic acid is very versatile in the cooking world.

Raw ascorbic acid comes as a fine powder.

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An additive derived from whey-eating bacteria, xanthan gum is used in salad dressing to prevent the oil from separating.

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An organic acid already present in a wide variety of foods, commercially produced citric acid is derived from fungus and acts as a natural preservative and flavoring agent. As the name suggests, citrus fruits have lots of natural citric acid in them.

Commercially produced citric acid looks like granulated sugar.

Citric acid has many functions, but those most common are:

  • A flavor additive, adds a bit of tartness.

  • A preservative

  • Adjust PH solutions in foods like cheese, this assist’s in ripening.

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Sodium alginate, better known as alginic acid, is a flavorless gum used as an emulsifying agent in a wide variety of foods. It’s produced from giant kelp, as pictured above.

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Also known as disodium pyrophosphate, this sodium carbonate (washing soda) derivative has a wide variety of industrial and culinary uses. In this recipe, it’s used to keep the avocado from turning brown.

It’s raw form is a white, odorless, powder.

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Propylene glycol alginate is an additive used to emulsify, thicken, and stabilize food products. As its name suggests, it’s derived from algae (specifically kelp).

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