Malcolm Gladwell’s David and Goliath: Underdogs, Misfits and the Art of Battling Giants details the rather surprising story behind this image. Essentially, it’s used as civil-rights propaganda; but the youth in the picture was not a protester, and the officer is actually trying to restrain the dog. Gladwell argues that only by adopting such “trickster” strategies as the use of this misleading image could African-Americans, as obvious underdogs, achieve their goals.

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Ah, but are they? In the grand scheme of things, someone who listens to Verdi (and knows enough to have preferred performances!) is at least middle-middle.

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As Bateman goes on to explain, Allen/Owen has some justification in mistaking him for Halberstam.

It’s hardly a surprising circumstance, though; both book and movie are full of people being mistaken for one another. This demonstrates the extent to which Bateman’s and his friends' quest to perfect themselves (through clothes, hair, employment, and even business cards) leads to homogeneity. One of the jokes of this very scene is that the cards are basically identical, to the casual observer anyway.

There really is, as he himself later admits, no Patrick Bateman in particular; there’s just an exterior image, interchangeable with hundreds of others.

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Ever heard of “gangsta rap” or “trap music”? Hip-hop and the people behind it sometimes are dangerous. They say so themselves, again and again. They even prove it by their actions.

In other words, both are likely murderers, although there was enough doubt to excuse them from the full legal penalties.

For various reasons, high-profile rappers have been involved in serious crime, and it’s ridiculous to pretend otherwise.

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This line is quite ironic. How many times have we heard a rapper claim to be “real”? Sure, many songs are fictional; but the same is not usually true of their “narrator.”

Most rappers don’t try to set up separate stage personæ; instead, they’ll embellish truthful accounts of themselves, whilst expressing real thoughts and beliefs in their lyrics.

Elonis certainly had feelings of dislike for his ex; are we to believe that he took the trouble to create a narrator with the same feelings, who underwent the same experiences (e.g. the female FBI agent)? Perhaps he was hyperbolic; but one cannot get away with yelling “I’m gonna kill you!” to someone’s face by claiming to have employed a literary device.

If anything, Elonis himself suspended the distinctions of author/narrator and reality/fiction (which don’t usually apply to rap, as they would to literary fiction, anyway).

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In the middle ages, windows that are actually made of glass were a luxury. Great lords, with several residences, were obliged to have universally-sized panes that they transported from castle to castle with them.

A mediæval-style parchment window, such as ordinary people would use

So though we would take clear, airtight class windows for granted, to Chaucer they’re already a bit of a marvel. And that’s apart from the wondrous stained glass he goes on to describe.

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Alcyone’s sorrow is affecting her physically; as she swoons or faints, her body reflects her mental state of collapse.

This has reached such a point that she is nearly “wood” (=crazy); the strain of sorrow, without any kind of closure, is unraveling her patterns of thought.

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Pandarus heads to his niece’s palace to plead Troilus’s cause (subtly!).

The two-faced Janus is the Roman god of doorways, so this is a slightly unnecessary plea for divine help in walking through.

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A pastoral, idyllic scene. The flowers are alive (“quick”) once more; the meadows “flow with balm” (i.e. exude a fresh fragrance).

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