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Now the family dining room, this was originally a mediaeval chapel. The licentious Eleventh Duke, Charles Howard, had it converted the better to engage in his debaucheries.

He may also have intended to reinforce his abandonment (for political reasons) of the Catholic religion of his ancestors. Because he continued to promote the welfare of Catholics, strongly supporting Emancipation, his allegiance to the Church of England may well have been suspect; turning the chapel into a dining room would have been an outward confirmation of his apostasy.

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The central Saloon originally served as the state dining room, but is now generally reserved for Christmas. It seats 40 people and features two fireplaces, walls elegantly painted by Louis Laguerre, and one marble doorway carved by Grinling Gibbons (who quit before the room was completed).

Also noteworthy is Laguerre’s use of the trompe l'œil (optical illusion) painting technique, which was very fashionable during the Baroque period.

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The vast Hall of Blenheim is notable for its 67-foot ceiling, which features a James Thornhill painting of the 1st Duke of Marlborough giving Britannia a map of the Battle of Blenheim.

Despite its size and grandeur, it’s no more than an anteroom for the Saloon.

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Insofar as Santa Claus – the jolly old man, not St. Nicholas – can be said to have any existence, it is as he is portrayed in fiction. And the character built up by artists and authors over the past 200 years or so is undeniably that of a white man;

if, as Harris suggests, a neutral penguin is substituted, the character of Santa Claus would have to be thrown out the window. While a new penguin Santa could very well grow popular in time, replacing the current Santa would be losing a significant part of our cultural heritage.

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St. Nicholas of Myra was a 4th-century bishop known for his charity ad his faithfulness to the Church.

One legend about him states that he discreetly sent dowries to the daughters of a needy family by tossing bags of gold down the chimney, thus beginning the Santa Claus legend.

He was not, however, the universally nice man that Santa is; another legend describes him pimp-slapping the heresiarch Arius

for insisting on his unorthodox beliefs

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The theories of the current Deconstructionsists, who follow in the footsteps of Friedrich Nietzsche, bear out this view.

A famous early proponent of the theory of reality created by the mind was the Irish Anglican bishop George Berkeley;

Samuel Johnson once argued against him by kicking a large stone whilst saying “I refute it thus!”

“Mystes” presumably means “metaphysicians,” whose work does indeed have something mystical about it.

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“Gallipots” is an archaic term for “pharmacists”;

Drotte is suggesting that the apprentices are gathering healing herbs which will be used to make medicines, and are thus performing a necessary and commendable task (rather than just gettting into mischief)

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Gyoll is a great river which runs through the city, in which the apprentices have just been swimming. Its name is probably a reference to the Norse Gjoll, a river which symbolized death and ran near the gates of Hel – not unlike the Greek Styx.

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The woman’s corpse hasn’t started to decay yet.

“Flower” could be a reference to the way her body was planted in the ground to be plucked by these grave-robbers.

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